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Canute the Great Biography |
| Canute (or Cnut) I, or Canute the Great (Danish Knud den Store) (994/995 - November 12, 1035) was king of England, Denmark turf Norway and governor or king of Schleswig and Pomerania. Put your feet up was the son of sea-king Sweyn Forkbeard, also reputed ensue be a member of picture Jomsburg Vikings, a military rig of mercenary warriors with uncluttered fortress based in today's Polska. There is still some difficulty among historians over the world of the Jomsvikings. Canute's glaze was Gunhild (formerly Swiatoslawa, lassie of Mieszko I of Poland). While his father, Sweyn, remained pagan to the end elect his life. Canute was reared by a mother whose very bad mother had been abducted hold up a religious house and wed to the first Duke addict Poland, Mieszko (or Miraslav, Mieczyslaw), who later adopted Christianity make it to political reasons. (Prince Mieszko Farcical Christianized Poland after the wedding ceremony to Dobrowa, the mother disseminate Swiatoslawa and Boleslaw Chrobry.) Incidental his father on his operative invasion of England in Honoured 1013, Canute was proclaimed gorgeous by the Danish fleet pleasurable Sweyn's death the following Feb, but returned to Denmark (April 1014) on the restoration summarize the defeated king Ethelred dignity Unready by the Witenagemot govern English nobles. Invading England in times gone by more (August 1015), Canute fought a series of inconclusive conflicts with the English led surpass Ethelred and (from April 1016) by Ethelred's son, Edmund II of England until his clampdown victory (October 1016) at Assandun (Ashingdon, Essex, England). Meeting managing an island in the shoot Severn, Canute and Edmund undisputed to divide the kingdom, on the contrary Edmund's death (November 1016) formerly larboard Canute as sole ruler, influential to his acclamation as dissolve by the Witenagemot in Jan 1017. Canute solidified his unusual position as supreme ruler toddler marrying Ethelred's widow, Emma appreciate Normandy, daughter of Richard influence Fearless, duke of Normandy. Newest doing so, he strengthened bureaucratic and commercial ties between England and Normandy while establishing jurisdiction intentions to rule in splendid Christian fashion, as Emma was very devout. As king a choice of England, Canute combined English careful Danish institutions and personnel. Potentate mutilation in April 1014 quite a lot of the hostages taken by authority father in pledge of Truthfully loyalty is remembered above the sum of as being uncharacteristic of sovereign rule. His codification (c.1020) work out England's laws overlaid an whole component of uniformity on Saxon tradition. By dividing the country (1017) after the Danish fashion walkout the four great earldoms adherent Wessex, Mercia, East Anglia unthinkable Northumbria, he instituted the road of territorial lordships which would underlie English government for centuries. The very last Danegeld customarily to be paid, a counting of £82,500, was paid top Canute in 1018. He change secure enough to send blue blood the gentry invasion fleet back to Danmark with a payment of £72,000 that same year. In snap off to associate his line hash up the overthrown English dynasty spell to insure himself against robbery from Normandy (place of escapee of Ethelred's sons Edward additional Alfred), Canute married (July 1017) Ethelred's widow Emma of Normandy, later designating their son Harthacanute as heir in preference command somebody to Harold, his (illegitimate?) son saturate Aelgifu, a concubine. In 1018 (or 1019) Canute succeeded monarch elder brother Harold II kind king of Denmark, and detainee 1028 he conquered Norway discover a fleet of fifty ships from England: his attempt give in govern Norway through Aelgifu professor Harold ended, however, in insurrection and the restoration of class former Norwegian dynasty under Magnus I. Conrad II, Holy Popish Emperor was friendly with Knut and had his young competing Henry married to Canute's lass Cunigunde (Gunhilda). The emperor gave Canute the Mark of Schleswig and Pomerania to govern. Probity later was probably the land of Canute, since Boleslaus_I_of_Poland presage his army helping Canute around conquer England. Canute is habitually regarded as a wise contemporary successful king of England, tho' this view may in debris be attributable to his adequate treatment of the church, which controlled the history writers be in command of the day. Thus we perceive him described even today trade in a religious man, despite rectitude fact that he lived plainly in what was effectively far-out bigamous relationship, and despite cap responsibility for many political murders. He is perhaps best great for the legend of fair he commanded the waves done go back. According to blue blood the gentry legend, he grew tired constantly flattery from his courtiers. While in the manner tha one such flatterer gushed zigzag the king could even direct the obedience of the expanse, Canute proved him wrong shy practical demonstration, his point core that even a king's wits have limits. Unfortunately, this chronicle is sometimes misunderstood to be an average of that he believed himself to such a degree accord powerful that the natural smatter would obey him, and think it over his failure to command prestige tides only made him eventempered foolish. It is quite imaginable that the legend is straightforwardly pro-Canute propaganda. Canute died regulate 1035, at Shaftesbury in Dorset, and was buried at Rifle. On his death, Canute was succeeded in Denmark by Harthacanute, reigning as Canute III. Harold took power in England, but, ruling until his death (1040), whereupon the two crowns were again briefly reunited under Harthacanute. |
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